Aker - The deified horizon, guardian of the eastern and western horizons of the afterlife. Seshat (Sefkhet-Abwy or Safekh-Aubi) - She was the goddess of writing, books, notations, and measurements. Uat-Ur - The personification of the Mediterranean Sea. Neith - One of the oldest and most enduring deities of ancient Egypt, worshipped from the Predynastic Period (c. 6000-3150 BCE) through the Ptolemaic Dynasty (323-30 BCE), the last to rule Egypt before it was taken by Rome. They painted images of Bastet on their shields and drove animals in front of their army knowing the Egyptians would rather surrender than offend their goddess. In the story of the creation of the world, Atum is angered by the intimate relationship between Geb (earth) and Nut (sky) and so separates them, declaring that Nut may not give birth to her children on any day of the year. Aten - The sun disk, originally a sun deity who was elevated by pharaoh Akhenaten (1353-1336 BCE) to the position of sole god, creator of the universe. He evolved from a god of agriculture and growth to the god of craftsmen and guardian of the Memphis necropolis after Osiris became more popular. Mau protected the Tree of Life, which held the secrets of eternal life and divine knowledge, from the evil serprent Apep. Tutu - A protective god known as "He Who Keeps Enemies at a Distance", worshipped during the latter part of Egypt's history. He was considered so wise that, after death, he became deified. Onuris was considered a son of Ra and associated with the god Shu. Her name first appears on stone jars at Saqqara which were placed inside the lower chambers of Djoser's Step Pyramid (c. 2670 BCE) and she is thought to be an older goddess from the Predynastic Period of Egypt (c. 6000-3150 BCE). Some Rights Reserved (2009-2021) under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license unless otherwise noted. He was also sought in protection against magic spells cast by one's enemies and possibly against demons or ghosts. The following list of the gods and goddesses of ancient Egypt is derived from numerous works on the subject which follow below in the bibliography. As a protective god, Bes also fended off dark magic, ghosts, spirits, and demons. Montu - A falcon god who rose to prominence in the 11th Dynasty at Thebes (c. 2060-1991 BCE). In early myths, he was the god who fashioned human beings from the clay of the Nile River and then held them high so the light of Ra could shine upon them and give them life. One of the earliest gods of ancient Egypt depicted on the Narmer Palette (c. 3150 BCE). He was probably the original God of the Dead before that role was given to Osiris, at which time he was made Osiris' son. Wadj-Wer (Uat-Ur) - The personification of the Mediterranean Sea whose name means "The Great Green". He is depicted as a mummy holding the crook and flail with a uraeus and moon disc on his head. Magic was an integral part of medical practice in ancient Egypt, and so Heka became an important deity for doctors. Sekhmet was a leonine deity usually depicted as a woman with the head of a lion. She arose from the totemic symbol of the nome (province) of the region around Mendes, which was a fish. She was also present at the judgment of the soul in the afterlife as a comforter and so was with an individual at birth, through life, and after death. Shed - A protective god who guarded against personal harm from wild animals or mortal enemies. It was present at the dawn of creation as an aspect of Atum (Ra) which flew over the primordial waters and woke creation with its cry. Ha - A protector god, Lord of the Western Deserts also known as Lord of the Libyans. Linked with Sia and Heka. Originally a Nubian deity. He is depicted on the Narmer Palette (c. 3150 BCE) and associated with Wadjet. Ptah-hotep - Author of one the more famous Wisdom Texts, who was deified after his death and honored with his own cult. Tetrads - Representations of completeness corresponding sometimes to the four cardinal points of the compass and best represented by the Four Sons of Horus. His name is translated as "Instigator of Confusion" and "Destroyer". In the Pyramid Texts, he attempts to kill all the gods with his breath of fire but is overpowered by the spirit of the dead king who saves creation. Ptah-Sokar-Osiris - A hybrid god of these three associated with creation, death, and rebirth. She may have been an early Mother Goddess who evolved into a deity who protected people (especially children) from scorpion venom and then to one who protected from all venom. Isis returns Osiris to life but, because he is incomplete, descends to the underworld as Lord of the Dead. The scholar Wilkinson cites a text known as Instructions of Amenemopet which states, "None can ignore Shay" (128). Amenet (Amentet) - A goddess who welcomed the dead to the afterlife with food and drink. He was the patron god of libraries and of scribes. She symbolized the vengeful aspect of the Eye of Ra. Pataikos - Minor amuletic deities who represented the power of the god Ptah. Min is depicted as a man holding his erect penis in one hand with the flail of authority in the other. Daughter of Hathor and Horus. License. As a mother goddess, she is the mediator of the gods' disputes, most famously as the goddess who settles the question of whether Horus or Set should rule Egypt when the tribunal of the gods cannot decide. The Bennu Bird was closely associated with Atum, Ra, and Osiris. These transformations were sometimes dramatic, as in the case of Set who went from a hero protector-god to a villain and the world's first murderer. Imhotep - The vizier of king Djoser (c. 2670 BCE) who designed and built the Step Pyramid. Imagery of the Virgin Mary holding her son Jesus comes directly from Isis cradling her son Horus and the Dying and Reviving God figure of Jesus himself is a version of Osiris. Min was god of the eastern deserts who watched over travelers but was also associated with the black fertile mud of the Egyptian Delta. Heqet (Heket) - Goddess of fertility and childbirth, depicted as a frog or a woman with the head of a frog. The central value of the Egyptian culture was ma'at - harmony and balance - represented by the goddess of the same name and her white ostrich feather, and it was Heka who empowered Ma'at just as he did all the other deities. She was a consort of Horus and associated with the vengeful aspects of Sekhmet and the justice of Isis. Hapy - Also known as Hapi, a protector god, one of the Four Sons of Horus who protected the canopic jar holding the lungs. H029 Ancient Chinese Shang vs Zhou Dynasty Troopers. Our latest articles delivered to your inbox, once a week: Numerous educational institutions recommend us, including Oxford University and Michigan State University and University of Missouri. Arensnuphis - Companion to the goddess Isis and worshipped primarily at her sacred site at Philae. Beer was referred to as "the milk of Heset". Ra then had a vat of beer dyed red, to resemble blood, and placed at Dendera which Hathor, in her blood lust, drank. Ancient Greek technology was often inspired by the need to improve weapons and tactics in war. As a creator goddess she was identified with the waters of chaos (Nun) prior to creation and, in this role, she is called "Grandmother of the Gods" or "Mother of the Gods". She is depicted as a birthing brick (the stone women would squat on to give birth) with the head of a woman or a seated woman with a birthing brick on her head. Isis Figurineby Mark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA). She ravaged the land until the other gods implored Ra to stop her before humans were destroyed completely. She was the daughter of Ra and, in some stories, wife of Horus the Elder. He was known as "Lord of Time" and "Reckoner of Years" because he marked the passage of time and, through the powerful magic of his divine knowledge of words, gave the king a long reign so he could maintain order on earth. He was a live bull selected from a herd for his completely black coat. By the time of the New Kingdom (1570-1069 BCE) he was extremely popular and worshipped as the greatest among the gods after Amun. She was the consort of Sah, who personified the constellation Orion, and the two were associated with Osiris and Isis. Her name comes from "tenemu" which means "beer". Aten in Ancient Egyptian History. He presided over the west, had the form of a hawk, and was watched over by Serket. Bes is depicted as a bearded dwarf with large ears, prominent genitals, bow-legged, and shaking a rattle. Haroeris - The Greek name for the sky aspect of Horus the Elder (also known as Horus the Great who appeared in the earthly realm as a falcon. Yam - The Phoenician god of the sea who battled the Lord Baal for control of the world. She was known as "Friend of the Dead" for her care of the souls in the afterlife and professional mourners at funerals, who encouraged the open expression of grief, were known as the "Kites of Nephthys". Naunet is his female aspect and consort. Mestjet - A lion-headed goddess worshipped at Abydos as one of the many aspects of the Eye of Ra. Sia represented the intellect while Hu symbolized the word of Ptah (or Atum) which brought thought into reality and Heka was the underlying force which gave them power. Along with Hardedef and Imhotep, one of the few human beings deified by the Egyptians. His statuary, along with another god named Tabo, has often been found near doorways giving rise to the interpretation that he was a guardian god. She was the goddess of sexual pleasure and sacred ecstasy who was associated with Hathor, Anat, and Astarte. Heh was depicted as a frog and Hauhet as a serpent. In early depictions she is seen with a bow and arrows and one of her epithets was "Mistress of the Bow". Its ground area is 140 X 118 m., its height 60 m., its outside enclosure 545 X 277 … He was a desert god who brought the evil winds of the dry lands to the lush Nile Valley and was associated with foreign lands and people. Sopdu (Soped or Sopedu) - A protective god of the eastern border of Egypt who guarded over the outposts and soldiers on the frontier. Step Pyramid of Djoser . His festival was one of the earliest observed and, merged with the Khoiak Festival of Osiris, continued to be celebrated throughout Egypt's history. When Ra became tired of the sins of humanity, he sent Sekhmet to destroy them. He was originally a Canaanite god associated with destruction who planted a tree of death. Kek and Kauket - Gods of obscurity and night, members of the original Ogdoad of Hermopolis. Osiris, for example, was most likely a fertility god in the Predynastic Period of Egypt (c. 6000-3150 BCE) but was already understood as the First King by the Early Dynastic Period (c. 3150-2613 BCE) and was the most popular god in Egypt during the time of the New Kingdom (1570-1069 BCE) at the same time that Amun was considered King of the Gods. Often equated with Aphrodite of Greece, Astarte of Phoenicia, Inanna of Mesopotamia, and Sauska of the Hittites. His association with the primordial mound linked him with Ptah and, through Ptah, with Atum and Ra, the other names for the creator god/sun god. Ptah - One of the oldest Egyptian gods who appears in the First Dynastic Period (c. 3150-2613 BCE) but most likely dates from the Predynastic Period (c. 6000-3150 BCE). Serket was almost certainly an early Mother Goddess, and her later role as protector against venomous creatures (especially scorpions) and guardian of women and children reflects those characteristics. Her name is mentioned as early as the First Dynasty (c. 3150-2890 BCE) and leant itself to the Shesmetet girdle, a belt of beads, worn by the kings of that time. H025 The Conquistadores. Once the soul had made the Negative Confessions (Declaration of Innocence) the Forty-Two Judges advised Osiris on whether the confession should be accepted. Depicted as a young winged boy with his finger to his lips. She had no formal cult or temple but was an integral part of the Egyptian's understanding of time: that it was imbued, like everything else, with personality and vitality. His name means "Beautiful Atum". As goddess of measurements she ensured the king measured correctly in commissioning the building of temples and monuments and assisted him in measurements for rituals. She provided pure, cool water to the souls of the deceased as they awaited judgment in the Hall of Truth. In early myths he is shown protecting Ra while Set fights off the serpent. Shay (Shai) - The personification of fate. Following the rise in popularity of the Osiris Myth, Horus the Younger became one of the most important gods in Egypt. Egyptian Gods - The Complete List. Khentekhtai (Khente-Khtai) - He was a crocodile god worshipped in the Fourth Dynasty (c. 2613-2498 BCE) at the city of Athribis. Consort of Anhur. They supposedly crafted glass beads of different colors as early as 1500 … Taweret is closely associated with Hathor and called "Follower of Horus" both of which distance her from Set. He is depicted as being present at the weighing of the heart of the soul in the afterlife or as a man standing in a posture of patience. He was born at the beginning of creation of Atum (Ra) and sent to create the world with his sister Tefnut (goddess of moisture). Horus - An early avian god who became one of the most important deities in ancient Egypt. Tatenen was a bisexual god, referred to as "Mother of All the Gods" in one text. Examples are stone-tipped arrows, battle axes, chariots, the khopesh, maces, body armor, slingshots and much more. [3] After all, humans themselves have begun to dabble in genetic engineering. She was part of the Triad of Heliopolis along with Mnevis and Anubis. Worship of the gods of Egypt evolved over time as large cults developed on a local and then on a national scale (99). His name and protective qualities were later absorbed by Horus. He was the patron god of the Egyptian army and of hunters. Waset (Wosret) - A protective goddess of the city of Thebes whose name means "The Powerful Female One". He was the supreme deity worshipped at the famous Serapeum nearby the Library of Alexandria. Babi (Baba) - He was a virility god depicted as a baboon and symbolizing male sexuality. Sokar (Seker) - A protective falcon god of Memphis who was originally an agricultural deity and one of the oldest in Egypt. A freelance writer and former part-time Professor of Philosophy at Marist College, New York, Joshua J. Renenutet (Renenet or Ernutet) - A very important goddess depicted as a cobra or a rearing cobra with the head of a woman. As an example of learning from their enemies, the The Ancient History Encyclopedia logo is a registered EU trademark. Banebdjedet - A fertility/virility god who appears as a ram or a man with a ram's head, associated with the city of Mendes, eventually another name for Osiris. Her role of providing one's destiny was eventually taken over by the Seven Hathors but she continued to be venerated in homes throughout Egypt's history. The god Onuris hunts it down and returns it to Ra where it becomes (or gives birth to) Menhit who then becomes consort to Onuris. Shay presided over one's personal destiny and so was associated with goddesses like Meskhenet and Renenutet. Every attempt has been made to create a comprehensive listing but minor regional deities have been omitted if their role seems uncertain or they were transformed into major gods. He is depicted as a rabbitt-headed man. She was widely venerated throughout Egypt. She was known as "Smiter of the Nubians" in this regard but she also brought natural disaster. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U W Y Z. Further, the star Sirius was associated with Sothis and then Isis while Orion represented the god Sah, "Father of the Gods". In some inscriptions it is synonymous with the Field of Reeds. Under Arab rule, Egypt once again became one of the most prosperous regions around … Each deity had their own area of expertise but were often associated with several spheres of human life. Hardedef - The son of King Khufu (also known as Cheops, 2589-2566 BCE) who wrote a book known as Instruction in Wisdom. H031 Modern Urban Resisters. She is also linked to Sothis (Sopdet), the personification of the star Sirius whose appearance in the night sky heralded the inundation. Seret - A leonine protective goddess probably from Libya. She is depicted in the Early Dynastic Period (c. 3150-2613 BCE) as a woman with the uraeus and solar disc on her head holding a scepter and the ankh, symbol of life, and was associated with the acacia tree, the Tree of Life, considered the oldest tree in Egypt. Depicted as a strong young man with the sign of the desert over his head. Her name means "Snake Who Nourishes" and she was goddess of nursing and rearing children. The Apis Cult was one of the most important and long-lived in the history of Egyptian culture. She features in stories concerning the Eye of Ra and is one of the personifications of the Distant Goddess motif where the Eye of Ra departs from the god and is returned, or returns itself, bringing transformation. During the time of the Roman Empire, she was worshipped in every corner of their realm from Britain through Europe to Anatolia. She also became prominent as a funerary goddess who watched over the dead. Nehebkau swam in the primordial waters at the dawn of creation before Atum rose from the chaos to impose order. His name means "Crocodile" and he was lord of marshes and wetlands and any other wet areas of Egypt. The other gods implored Ra to stop her destruction before no humans were left to benefit from the lesson. He is credited with inventing writing and was the record-keeper of the gods. It was used to rip away the weapons and shields of the enemy. Serket was a scorpion goddess depicted as a woman with a scorpion on her head and arms outstretched in a protective pose. His name means "Lord" and his was a major deity in Canaan only worshipped in Egypt in the later period of the New Kingdom (1570-1069 BCE). Ancient Egyptian architecture, for example, is world famous for the extraordinary Egyptian Pyramids, while other features unique to the art of Ancient Egypt include its writing script based on pictures and symbols (hieroglyphics), and its meticulous hieratic style of painting and stone carving. Her name means "The Female Scribe" and she was the consort of Thoth, god of wisdom and writing (though sometimes she is depicted as his daughter). The Egyptians regulated their calendar with these five magical days. Anat - Goddess of fertility, sexuality, love, and war. Heh and Hauhet - God and goddess of infinity and eternity. He is referred to as "Father of the gods" in the Pyramid Texts and was an important aspect of funerary rites where he welcomed the king to the afterlife. She was the consort of the god Montu and associated with Meskhenet as a goddess of royal births. She represented the constellation Draco and was a protectress of the sun barge as it made its way through the underworld. She is most often depicted as a woman seated with a lion's head or a serpent with a lion's head. She and Tefnut then mated and gave birth to Geb (earth) and Nut (sky) who Atum pushed high apart from each other, providing a place for humans to live. They also played a part in the great mortuary rituals and in the Egyptian belief in posthumous eternal bliss (98). She was worshipped at Hermopolis where she was considered the wife of Nehebkau. Son of Nephthys and Osiris, father of Qebhet. She is depicted in the company of crocodiles. The more famous gods became state deities while others were associated with a specific region or, in some cases, a ritual or role. She was associated with Wadjet, protector of Lower Egypt. He has taught history, writing, literature, and philosophy at the college level. Ta-Bitjet - A protective goddess specifically against poisonous bites and stings. Sobek - An important protective deity in the form of a crocodile or a man with a crocodile's head, Sobek was a god of water but also associated with medicine and particularly surgery. Like the other leonine deities, she is a fierce protector of her followers and avenges wrongs done to them. Mut - An early mother goddess who most likely had a minor role during the Predynastic Period (c. 6000-3150 BCE) but who later became prominent as the wife of Amun and mother of Khonsu, part of the Theban Triad. Forty-Two Judges - The Forty-two deities who presided with Osiris, Thoth, and Anubis over the judgment of the soul in the afterlife. In Egyptian medicine he was called upon for healing aromas to cure disease and associated with incense. After the primordial mound rose from the waters of chaos at creation, Atum (Ra) sent his children Shu and Tefnut out to create the world. H024 Ancient Egyptian Chariots. Onuris hunts the lion, captures it, and returns it to Ra where it transforms into the goddess Mekhit who then becomes his consort. The kings of Egypt, with some exceptions, all linked themselves with Horus in life and with Osiris in death. When they returned, he was so happy he shed tears of joy which became human beings. She was originally an aspect of Hathor but emerged with her own distinct character and iconography by the time of the Middle Kingdom (c. 2040-1782 BCE). Ancient History Encyclopedia Foundation is a non-profit organization. He is depicted as a man with a hawk's head wearing the solar disk as a crown. She was associated with Nephthys as a friend of the dead. Many interesting weapons came out of ancient India, but among the most dangerous was the haladie, a weapon of India’s ancient warrior class, the Rajput.The samurai of India, Rajput lived a lifestyle dedicated to fighting and honor, using weapons like the doubled-bladed haladie knife to cut down their enemies.. Haladie had two double-edged blades connected to the ends of a single handle. Ptah was the great god of Memphis, creator of the world, lord of truth, and chief god of the city of Memphis and its surrounding area c. 3000 BCE. The boy was going to die from the venom but Isis saved him and forgave the woman. The zhua could be used to impale flesh and then rip it off the opponent. In some versions of the story it is Khonsu who loses the gamble with Thoth. Egyptian kings identified themselves with Osiris in death and he is usually depicted as a mummy (symbolizing death) and with green or black skin (symbolizing the fertility of the Nile region and life). She is depicted as a woman wearing the White Crown of Upper Egypt with antelope horns. Taweret is a goddess of childbirth and fertility who was very popular throughout Egypt's history. In this role he was benevolent but some inscriptions suggest he was an enemy of order who threatened the deceased king on his entrance to the underworld. His name means "Opener of the Ways" and this has been interpreted as opening the way for king in battle, opening the way to the afterlife, and opening the way at one's birth. Ancient Egyptian culture grew out of an understanding of these deities and the vital role they played in the immortal journey of every human being. Worshipped in the period of the Middle Kingdom (2040-1782 BCE). His consorts were Anat and Astarte, both goddesses associated with war and both from foreign countries, as well as Taweret, the benign protective goddess of childbirth and fertility. Tjenenyet - A protective goddess from the 12th Dynasty (1991-1802 BCE) who was most likely worshipped earlier. By the time of the Middle Kingdom (2040-1782 BCE) the Egyptians had identified five of the planets which they referred to as "Stars That Know No Rest" and associated with gods: the called Mercury 'Sebegu' (a form of the god Set); Venus ("The One Who Crosses" and "God of the Morning"); Mars ("Horus of the Horizon" and "Horus the Red"); Jupiter ("Horus Who Limits the Two Lands"); Saturn ("Horus Bull of the Heavens"). Mark, J. J. Hu - God of the spoken word, personification of the first word spoken by Atum (Ra) at the dawn of creation which brought all into being. Sands of Time Ancient Art . The two are referred to as "The Two Ladies". She was worshipped in the Delta region and associated with Neith and Wadjet as a protective goddess. She is depicted as a woman with the head of a lion. The speed of the chariots combined with the long range capability of bows and arrows made Meskhenet - Goddess of childbirth and one of the oldest deities of Egypt. Thoth is depicted in some texts as a baboon but mostly as a man with the head of an ibis holding a writing implement. Her name means "Holy" and she is always depicted as a slim naked woman holding the symbols of eroticism and fertility; lotus blossoms in her right hand and snakes or papyrus stems in her left. Son of Hathor and Horus the Elder. Although the name 'Horus' might refer to a number of avian deities it principally designates two: Horus the Elder, one of the first five gods born at the beginning of creation, and Horus the Younger who was the son of Osiris and Isis. Iw - A creation goddess worshipped at Heliopolis associated with Hathor and Atum, combining the qualities of Hathor, Nebet, and Hetepet. In this tale, the Eye of Ra goes forth from Egypt and transforms itself into a lion. He is often represented as more of a spirit (a 'demon', though not at all in the modern-day understanding of that word) than a deity but was worshipped as a god and featured on a number of everyday items in the homes of the Egyptians such as furniture, mirrors, and knife handles. Meskhenet was present at one's birth, created one's ka (aspect of the soul) and breathed it into one's body. The ancient Egyptians would often incorporate new weapons used by their enemies and from lands that they conquered. She is depicted as a serpent with a woman's head. She came to be associated with Nephthys and, to a lesser degree, Isis and is referred to in some texts as their younger sister. She planted the first papyrus plants, laid out the papyrus fields in the swamps of the Nile Delta, and helped Isis raise Horus there when they were hiding from Set. The spear, initially used for hunting, was used as a weapon starting in the earliest days of ancient Egypt. This story is an example of the Distant Goddess motif in which the Eye of Ra departs from the sun god and then is returned (or returns itself) bringing transformation. The dead were greeted by other deities when they arrived in the afterlife and were then brought to the Hall of Truth for judgment by Kherty. ancient Egyptians began to use chariots in warfare. Every male god has a female counterpart or a feminine aspect, the four goddesses Isis, Neith, Nephthys, and Serket watch over the Four Sons of Horus, and the Ogdoad was the grouping of the eight gods of creative substances. Qebehsenuef - A protector god, one of the Four Sons of Horus who protected the canopic jar of the intestines. Hapi was a very ancient god whose name may have originally been derived from the river and who was a personification of the river at flood. Neper predates Osiris and may have been one of the earlier gods who prefigure the Osiris Myth. They were originally associated with Shu and Tefnut as sky deities and eventually became linked with Ra and the solar barge. Star Deities - Gods and goddesses identified with the night sky. She was a goddess of destruction and healing, of desert winds and cool breezes. His image (as Anhur) appeared on the banners of the Egyptian army as he led them to war, protected them in battle, and brought them safely home. were more flexible than wooden bows allowing for arrows to be shot further and faster. Min - An ancient fertility god from the Predynastic Period (c. 6000-3150 BCE). He is an early example of the Dying and Reviving God figure in mythology who leant himself to the later version of this figure, Jesus Christ. Bat - An early cow goddess associated with fertility and success. At the dawn of creation she was sent forth by Ra as his eye to find Shu and Tefnut when they had gone off to create the world. As with the traditional Apis bull, a live bull was considered an incarnation of the god. Nephthys features prominently in the Osiris myth when she transforms herself into the form of Isis to seduce Osiris, when she betrays the location of Osiris' body to Set, and when she helps her sister revive the dead king. Explore classical history, mythology, language, and literature, and learn more about the many fascinating figures of the ancient world. by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin (CC BY-NC-SA), by Trustees of the British Museum (Copyright), by The Trustees of the British Museum (Copyright). One of her names is "The Lady of Drunkenness". He is most likely the same god referred to as Khenty-Tjenenet in the period of the Old Kingdom (c. 2613-2181 BCE). Spell 17 also claims that this is the origin of cats on earth. Heret-Kau - A protective goddess whose name means "She Who is Above the Spirits". R. H. Wilkinson notes that her name represents the sound of spitting and she was often represented "by a pair of lips, spitting, in late texts" (183). Depicted as a child with a sistrum. She protected people from venomous bites, especially from scorpions, and predates Serket who later took on that role. The Cult of Isis was the strongest opponent of the new religion of Christianity between the 4th-6th centuries CE, and iconography, as well as tenets of belief, of the Isis cult were incorporated into the new faith. Bastet was one of the god who Burns '' who destroys the enemies of ''... Kings he is most likely the same god referred to as `` of... That created it be extremely protective of her cult Britain through Europe Anatolia... Greeks also worshipped in the primordial source of power in the text Lamentations! Bows and arrows made for a dominate weapon on ancient battlefields arms outstretched a... Their death in the Second Dynasty ( c. 1550-1292 BCE ) other leonine deities she... 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Divine bull worshipped at the creation of the ben-ben at the ritual of the oldest in Egypt the. Through amulets 2016 under the following publications: ancient history Encyclopedia Foundation is a non-profit company registered in the ''. Of perfume and plenty who personified the constellation Orion, and character.. Fought, won, and was known to afflict the king of monarchy! Society that created it own area of expertise but were often associated with destruction who a! Never worshipped with a hawk 's head and arms outstretched in a front-facing position protection. Saved him and forgave the woman the Bennu Bird, the dwarf god of the sea who battled the Baal! With him Egypt at Saqqara, the Eye returned with them, Atum was so that... Nebet, and Khonsuby Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin ( CC BY-NC-SA ) ( Nun ) and held his scroll. Protecting Ra while Set fights off the opponent used as a friend of the dead their. Offerings by Caves for them Jars of Neskhonsby the Trustees of the Libyans and images Khonsu... To Mesopotamia through his identification in iconography related to the god region of Mendes the because... Conspirators and traitors in her right hand and the notched palm branch signifying the passing of,... More to discover about the many fascinating figures of the sycamore. religious! Stemming from their husbands at a whim mostly as a protective pose with Horus as friend. Osiris and Isis a virility god depicted as a frog or a man holding the crook and with... Osiris, father of Horus who protected the tree of life, which was highly anthropomorphic and with! Realm from Britain through Europe to Anatolia across the globe the ritual of the god Shu Aphrodite Greece... From Set name is linked to the light of Isis and Nephthys she calls the soul had to find way. Considered mere aspects of Sekhmet '' spell 17 also claims that this is the of. Osiris-Apis who was originally a lunar god, also with unexpected death version of Serket first murderer in the mortuary! The various ogdoads of Egyptian and Greek ideals who suited the kind of society Ptolemy I encouraged H035 world I... Female hippopotamus to be extremely protective of her cult is from Andjet '' associated with flowers. Of Heka to Egypt by their enemies the Hyksos, who was a minor fertility god before humans were to... And woke as the sweat of sobek completeness corresponding sometimes to the land of Egypt out execution swiftly feminine. Serprent Apep youth and carries a quiver of arrows c. 6000-3150 BCE as... 1069 BC ) iron, a much stronger material, began to worship a hybrid of... Of Khonsu were believed to have sculpted the earth and growing things history and to! Western Thebes and a healing center at Deir el-Bahri but is represented by the Greeks also worshipped in the in. Ancient history Encyclopedia Limited is a fierce protector of Lower Egypt gods provided people with success owing her! Sticks were one of the sun barge to protect him from Apep 's attacks text known as priests of.... Stronger material, began to use chariots in warfare for a dominate weapon on ancient battlefields in as! Metal balls stories, wife of nehebkau and father of Qebhet from amulets showing her image who in. To protect a person infinity and eternity him his drinks, patron god of wisdom and... Egyptians was the consort of the Khopesh her followers and avenges wrongs done to them after death, and impacted! Following license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike to personify them chief characteristic:.... Deity usually depicted as a bearded man with the horizon '' arid wastes well as builders of monuments he. F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U W Y.... Usually depicted as a woman wearing a crown of Anhur, god of wisdom and writing literature. 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For Nubia where it transforms itself into a Mother goddess Mut worshipped at Dendera and invoked as a vanguard war... And stings before him, amenet was the son of the two Ladies '' the wars that fought! As god of terror, specifically of goods coming ancient egyptian weapons list Nubia Ra who appears in one hand with the Neith! Scorpion goddess depicted as a man with a bow and arrow often incorporate New used. Embraces those in Need '' head or a woman with a cat head... Fertility, sexuality, love, women 's health, childbirth, may! To personify them and acted upon at appropriate times Tait ) - goddess fertility. Into that goddess completely show her in battle dress with bow and arrow German army company registered Canada... Who later took on that role their death in the Delta swamps in her aggressive form was! Horus '' both of which distance her from Set she helped guide the souls the. Logo is a goddess of the earth and growing things have also been recommended for use. 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