How to pronounce anti-feminist (audio) , ˌan- tī- \ noun. controversy, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antifeminism&oldid=1001406668, Articles with limited geographic scope from May 2017, Pages in non-existent country centric categories, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, That social arrangements among men and women, "The two major waves of antifeminist activity coincide with the two waves of the women's rights movement: the campaign to secure female suffrage in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and the feminist movement of the late twentieth century. “Anti-feminist.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/anti-feminist. ", "Reform activity that challenged either the subordination of women to men or the patriarchal limitation of women's status provoked an antifeminist response that included an intellectual and political campaign to halt progress toward women's rights and equality. [42] ERA opposition was much higher among white, married, older, and less educated citizens. [6], The term antifeminist is also used to describe public female figures, some of whom (such as Naomi Wolf, Camille Paglia, and Kate Roiphe) define themselves as feminists, based on their opposition to some or all elements of feminist movements. In Sex in Education: or, a Fair Chance for the Girls (1873), Harvard professor Edward Clarke predicted that if women went to college, their brains would grow bigger and heavier, and their wombs would atrophy. He argues that antifeminists consider the "traditional gender division of labor as natural and inevitable, perhaps also divinely sanctioned. Opposed to feminism. How have women contributed significantly? That is, women could keep their existing and future special protections that men did not have. It is about a socialist, anti-family political movement that encourages women to leave their husbands, kill their children, practice witchcraft, destroy capitalism, and become lesbians." The current of anti-feminism which developed in the newer religious orders …. By 1972, the amendment was supported by both major parties and was immensely popular. Her anti-feminism was rooted in her opposition to “federal solutions to personal problems,” be they programs to alleviate poverty, provide health care, or educate young children. [41] The second theory Himmelstein identifies states that the female antifeminists who lead the movement are largely married, low education, and low personal income women who embody the "insecure housewife scenario" and seek to perpetuate their own situation in which women depend on men for fiscal support. [57], In India, the Save Indian Family Foundation is an antifeminist organization[58] opposed to a number of laws that they claim to have been used against men. Antiabortion views helped further several right-wing movements, including explicit antifeminism, and helped right-wing politicians rise to power. Video shows what antifeminist means. See more. The definition of feminism on Merriam-Webster is “the theory of the political, economic, and social equality of the sexes.” Yet there is still an increasing belief that feminism is against men, and supports the supremacy of women. [39] Supporters of an unaltered ERA rejected the Hayden rider, believing an ERA containing the rider did not provide for equality. Kimmel further writes that antifeminist argumentation relies on "religious and cultural norms" while proponents of antifeminism advance their cause as a means of "'saving' masculinity from pollution and invasion". Suffragists scoffed at antisuffragists. It is because of feminism we have we have unrestricted sex, the Pill, abortion on demand, an astronomically increased number of single mothers, teenage mothers and women in their 40s struggling with infertility; we have a fatherless generation who haven't seen a better example; chastity is mocked, women are sexualized and coerced into selling themselves cheap; we have no-fault divorce, and deterioration of family. [33] Speaking on behalf of the League in an 1887 address to the Evangelical Alliance Conference, Samuel Dike described the ideal family as having "one man and one woman, united in wedlock, together with their children". Himmelstein, however, says both views are at least partially wrong, arguing that the primary dividing line between feminists and antifeminists is cultural rather than stemming from differences in economic and social status. [39] Their methods include actions such as "insults proffered in emails or on the telephone, systematic denigration of feminism in the media, Internet disclosure of confidential information (e.g. Some men even subscribed to feminist ideology, but others went the other direction and became decidedly antifeminist. The men who believed in this model cited religious models and natural law to emphasize women's need to return to the private sphere, in order to separate men and women to keep women from outwardly challenging men in public. [41] There are, in fact, similarities between income between activists on both sides of the ERA debate. Janet Chafetz identified in a study 32 first-wave antifeminist movements, including those in the 19th century and early 20th century movements. If they won the right to vote, women would consequently have to align with a particular party, which would destroy their ability to be politically neutral. This is good because the active mode is also politically efficient in its season. After initially receiving the majority of votes (51%), a Time editor apologized for including the word in the poll and removed it from the results. [36], The Equal Rights Amendment is a perennially proposed amendment to the United States Constitution that would grant equal rights and opportunities to every citizen of the United States, regardless of their sex. These organizations chastise feminists for presuming to universally speak for all women. Some argued that women were already overburdened. In 1950 and 1953, ERA was passed by the Senate with a provision known as "the Hayden rider", making it unacceptable to ERA supporters. [7] Other feminists label writers such as Christina Hoff Sommers, Jean Bethke Elshtain, Katie Roiphe and Elizabeth Fox-Genovese with this term[8][9] because of their positions regarding oppression and lines of thought within feminism.[10]. Like feminism, this can describe a broad range of ideas, which we shall attempt to divide into 3 groupings. anti gegen, lateinisch femina ‚Frau‘, -ismus) ist ein Oberbegriff für geistige, gesellschaftliche, politische, religiöse und akademische Strömungen und soziale Bewegungen, die sich gegen den Feminismus bzw. Another theory holds that women who feel vulnerable and dependent on men are likely to oppose anything that threatens that tenuous stability; under this view, while educated, independent career women may support feminism, housewives who lack such resources are more drawn to antifeminism. Can you spell these 10 commonly misspelled words? As the feminist movement has changed since its foundation, the principles and interests of anti-feminism have also changed over the course of history. Antifeminist Meaning. I thought feminists were only doing harm to themselves and others, and I proudly proclaimed that I was not a feminist. Thus, most women continue to practice feminism in terms of seeking equality and independence for women, yet avoid the label. [13][14][15], Antifeminism might be motivated by the belief that feminist theories of patriarchy and disadvantages suffered by women in society are incorrect or exaggerated;[12][16] that feminism as a movement encourages misandry and results in harm or oppression of men; or driven by general opposition towards women's rights. Anti feminist definition - Der absolute Favorit der Redaktion. "[67] Similar strands of thought are found in the incel subculture, which centers around misogynist fantasies about punishing women for not having sex with them. Noun. They believe that the feminist movement has achieved its aims and now seeks higher status for women than for men via special rights and exemptions, such as female-only scholarships, affirmative action, and gender quotas. The pro-family movement appeared in the late 19th century, by about 1870. This is because women's movements may demand access to male-dominated positions within the religious sector, like the clergy, and women's movements threaten male-oriented values of some religions. [24][25], Moreover, other antifeminists oppose women's entry into the workforce, political office, or the voting process, as well as the lessening of male authority in families. [66] Due to the stigma against feminism, some activists, such as those involved with Girls Rock, may take the principles of feminism as a foundation of thought and teach girls and women independence and self-reliance without explicitly labeling it with the stigmatized brand of feminism. Attention all you man-hating feminists: Watch out for Roy Den Hollander. A new section to the ERA was added, stating: "The provisions of this article shall not be construed to impair any rights, benefits, or exemptions now or hereafter conferred by law upon persons of the female sex." Anna Howard Shaw, president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) from 1904 to 1915, presumed, perhaps unfairly, that the antisuffragists were merely working under the influence of male forces. This self-proclaimed "anti-feminist" lawyer (Web site tag line: "Now is … [51][52] As a response to a pro-feminism speech by Australian Labor Senator Penny Wong,[53] several women who identify as being humanist and antifeminist argued in an article for the Guardian that feminism is a discriminatory ideology and continues to portray women as victims. Accessed 24 Jan. 2021. adjective. Four women reply (and they're not from the left)", "The many misguided reasons famous ladies say 'I'm Not a Feminist, "#WomenAgainstFeminism goes viral as people explain why they don't need feminism anymore", "Time Magazine apologizes for including 'feminist' in 2015 word banishment poll", The Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law, "Alt-right, alt-left, antifa: a glossary of extremist language", "Alt-right in Montreal: The war against women", "How the alt-right's sexism lures men into white supremacy", "To Learn About the Far Right, Start With the 'Manosphere, "Resisting the feminist threat: antifeminist politics in post-Sandinista Nicaragua", "Disabusing the Definition of Domestic Violence: How Women Batter Men and the Role of the Feminist State", Timeline of women's legal rights (other than voting), Boys are stupid, throw rocks at them! In both periods, those holding a traditional view of women's place in the home and family tried to advance their cause by joining with other conservative groups to forestall efforts to extend women's rights. [35], In 1951, two journalists published Washington Confidential. How to use a word that (literally) drives some pe... Do you know these earlier meanings of words? [7] BBC and Time, among others, have covered the 2014 social media trend #WomenAgainstFeminism. In the United States, some antifeminists see their ideology as a response to one rooted in hostility towards men, holding feminism responsible for several social problems, including lower college entrance rates of young men and a perceived decline in manliness in American culture. … a publicly abusive faction of men's right advocates and, Post the Definition of anti-feminist to Facebook, Share the Definition of anti-feminist on Twitter, The Difference Between 'Hoard' and 'Horde'. Like other conservative women's groups, they oppose abortion and same-sex marriage and make appeals for maternalism and biological differences between women and men. Learn a new word every day. anti-feminism \ ˌan- tē- ˈfe- mə- ˌni- zəm. For example, the perpetrators of the Christchurch massacre and the El Paso shooting appear to have been motivated by the conspiracy theory that white people are being replaced by non-whites largely as a result of feminist stances in Western societies. For example, Paul Gottfried maintains that the change of women's roles "has been a social disaster that continues to take its toll on the family" and contributed to a "descent by increasingly disconnected individuals into social chaos". Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible). The novel claimed that Communist leaders used their men and women to recruit a variety of minorities in the nation's capital, such as females, colored males, and homosexual males. ‘Big Sister is a valuable book that may, perhaps, be swept off the shelves for being "anti-feminist. [27], The "women's movement" began in 1848, most famously articulated by Elizabeth Cady Stanton demanding voting rights, joined by Lucy Stone, Susan B. Anthony and others who also pushed for other rights such as education, job freedom, marital and property rights, and the right to choose when or whether to become a mother. As it turned out, the most indicative factors when predicting ERA position, especially among women, were race, marital status, age, and education. [35] Later historians tended to dismiss antisuffragists as subscribing to the model of domestic idealism, that a woman's place is in the home. However, it was defeated in Congress when it failed to get the vote of thirty-eight legislatures by 1982. [37][38] The Hayden rider was included to keep special protections for women. 2. So a non-feminist person is no less anti-feminist simply for opposing feminism passively, than an anti-feminist is for opposing it actively. This couldn’t be further from the truth. [26] They argue that a change of women's roles is a destructive force that endangers the family, or is contrary to religious morals. What changed my mind was learning that a lot of what I thought feminists believed was false – including the idea that gender oppression only affects women. [41], Authors Janet Saltzman Chafetz and Anthony Gary Dworkin, writing for Gender and Society, argue that the organizations most likely to formally organize against feminism are religious. addresses) on resources for battered women"[6] and more. [30], In the 19th century, one of the major focal points of antifeminism was opposition to women's suffrage, which began as a grassroots movement in 1848 and spanned for 72 years. Delivered to your inbox! However, numerous studies have failed to correlate the aforementioned demographic factors with support for antifeminism, and only religiosity correlates positively with antifeminist alignment. [16][46][47][48][49][50], British newspaper The Guardian and the website Jezebel have also reported on an increasing number of women and female celebrities rejecting feminism and instead subscribing to humanism. [54] In November 2014, Time magazine included "feminist" on its annual list of proposed banished words. [29] The more successful a feminist movement is in challenging the authority of male-dominated groups, the more these groups will organize a countermovement. Though men were not the only antifeminists, men experienced what some have called a "crisis of masculinity"[30] in response to traditional gender roles being challenged. Some women saying they don't need it", "Not all feminists: How modern feminism has become complicated, messy and sometimes alienating", "Am I a feminist? Anti-feminist: as in bigot, misogynist. Some women, like those in the Women's National Anti-Suffrage League, campaigned against women's suffrage. By integrating Stop ERA with the thus-dubbed "new right", she was able to leverage a wider range of technological, organizational and political resources, successfully targeting pro-feminist candidates for defeat. einzelne, mehrere oder sämtliche feministische Anliegen wenden. [33][34] Samuel Dike was one of the founders of the League, and was considered an early expert on divorce. [29] These countermovements were in response to some women's growing demands, which were perceived as threatening to the standard way of life. ‘an anti-feminist emphasis on traditional gender roles’. Anti-feminist rhetoric is a powerful gateway to violent white nationalism, and it is calculated to appeal to the demographic overwhelmingly responsible for … "[11], Antifeminist ideology rejects at least one of the following general principles of feminism:[12], Some antifeminists argue that feminism, despite claiming to advocate for equality, ignores rights issues unique to men. Does it matter how the Equal Rights Amendment is worded? Abortion remains one of the most controversial topics in the United States. Himmelstein identifies two prevailing theories that seek to explain the origins of antifeminism: the first theory, proposed by Himmelstein, is that conservative opposition in the abortion and Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) debates has created a climate of hostility toward the entire feminist movement. [1][2] In the mid and late 20th century antifeminists often opposed the right to abortion and, in the United States, the Equal Rights Amendment. Antifeminismus (griech. Val Burris, meanwhile, says that high-income men opposed the amendment because they would gain the least with it being passed; that those men had the most to lose, since the ratification of the ERA would mean more competition for their jobs and possibly a lowered self-esteem. In fact, leaders of the movement often encouraged other women to leave the home and participate in society. How to pronounce, definition audio dictionary. One theory is that it was a clash between upper-class liberal voters and the older, more conservative lower-class rural voters who often serve as the center for right-wing movements; in other words, this theory identifies particular social classes as more inherently friendly to antifeminism. He says that antifeminists oppose "women's entry into the public sphere, the re-organization of the private sphere, women's control of their bodies, and women's rights generally." In the anti-feminist movement, most people assume men are leading the charge. Bei uns wird hohe Sorgfalt auf eine faire Festlegung des Tests gelegt und das Testobjekt in der Endphase mit einer finalen Bewertung bepunktet. This ploy failed once the journalists linked feminism to communism in their novel and ultimately reinforced antifeminism by implying that defending the "white, Christian, heterosexual, patriarchal family" was the only way to oppose communism. [20] They have argued that feminism has resulted in changes to society's previous norms relating to sexuality, which they see as detrimental to traditional values or conservative religious beliefs. Anti-Feminists prefer to follow a more appropriate Biblical representative of women modeled in scripture (Christianity).Many of the Bible verses anti-feminists follow are Ephesians 5:22, … Anti-Feminist Quotes: "The feminist agenda is not about equal rights for women. Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced search—ad free! To put it simply, anti-feminism is an opposition to the principles and an idea of feminism. Wir haben im großen Anti feminist definition Test uns die empfehlenswertesten Produkte verglichen und die brauchbarsten Eigenschaften zusammengetragen. [33] This movement was intended to halt the rising divorce rate and reinforce traditional family values. [28] However, by the end of the century, a cultural counter movement had begun. Canadian sociologists Melissa Blais and Francis Dupuis-Déri write that antifeminist thought has primarily taken the form of masculinism, in which "men are in crisis because of the feminization of society". These organizations frame themselves as being by women, for women, in order to fight the idea that feminism is the only women-oriented ideology. [44][45] Antiabortion writings, as well as conservative commentary in the late 20th century criticized the selfishness and self-centeredness of the feminist movement regarding abortions. — Margaret W. Labarge. The meaning of antifeminism has varied across time and cultures, and antifeminism attracts both men and women. ‘the article was interpreted as anti-feminist’. In the late 19th century and early 20th century antifeminists opposed particular policy proposals for women's rights, such as the right to vote, educational opportunities, property rights, and access to birth control . In the early 21st century antifeminism has sometimes been an element of violent, far-right extremist acts. Roe v. Wade was decided in 1973, and abortion was utilized by many antifeminists to rally supporters. [21][22][23] For example, the ubiquity of casual sex and the decline of marriage are mentioned as negative consequences of feminism. Men's studies scholar Michael Kimmel defines antifeminism as "the opposition to women's equality". Women's suffrage was achieved in the US in 1920, and early 20th-century antifeminism was primarily focused on fighting this. In contemporary antifeminism ( IWF ) is another antifeminist, conservative, women-oriented.! Finalen Bewertung bepunktet heard it ( including the quote, if possible ) pro-family arguments contemporary. 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